Create your free account

Enter your email and we'll send a 6-digit code — no password needed.
We only keep your email and the username you choose. We never share or sell your email, and we don't send marketing — we use it only to email you a sign-in code. Read our privacy policy.
Entering orbit…
Habitability
0/ 100
Uninhabitable
2MASS J0021-4514 b rendered in TerraForge from its measured mass, orbit and star

2MASS J0021-4514 b

Also written 2MASS J0021-4514b, 2MASS J0021 4514b, 2MASS J0021 4514 b

Brown Dwarf178 light years awayFound 2024
Mass
9530.00 × Earth
Radius
11.90 × Earth
Gravity
67.30 g
Surface (est.)
2,198 K
Year (est.)
444,668 years
From Earth
178 ly
Mass
9530.00 × Earth
Radius
11.90 × Earth
Gravity
67.30 g
Surface (est.)
2,198 K
Year (est.)
444,668 years
From Earth
178 ly

2MASS J0021-4514 system

Type
M-type (Red Dwarf)
Spectral type
M5.5V
Temperature
3,182 K
Radius
0.22 ☉
Mass
0.189 ☉
Planets
1
Luminosity
4.46e-3 ☉

Published by the Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. This world’s temperature and habitability score are computed from its star’s published radius and temperature.

2MASS J0021-4514 b3900.00 AUYou are here9,530 M⊕
Habitable zone

Star and planets drawn to scale: the star is 2.0 times as wide as 2MASS J0021-4514 b, so only its edge is in view. Orbits spaced as in the star system view.

exoplanet.euListed by the Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia; not yet in NASA's confirmed catalogue.View on exoplanet.eu

Estimated: this planet doesn't transit its star, so its size is inferred, not measured

2MASS J0021-4514 b, from the Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (found 2024). Measured: 9530 Earth masses, 3900 AU, a 3182 K M-type star. Composition inferred from a mass of 9530 Earths, which is giant territory whatever its 5.66x density suggests, with an assumed 24-hour day — rotation cannot be measured for exoplanets.

Surface. No surface: a deuterium-burning sphere the size of Jupiter and dozens of times its mass, glowing dull red from its own heat

Brown Dwarf
Magnetic FieldNone Activity
2MASS J0021-4514 b has an unusual composition that doesn't fit standard classifications, or lacks the elements needed for complex geological processes.
Barren worlds can form from uncommon element combinations or may be remnants of larger bodies that lost their atmospheres and volatile materials.
Classification Criteria:
Composition doesn't match standard planet typesMass: 9530.0x EarthTemperature: 2198K

Reading 2MASS J0021-4514 b’s atmosphere

Dominant elements: H, He, O, C, NThis is what a telescope would measure while 2MASS J0021-4514 b crosses in front of its star: starlight passes through the atmosphere and spreads into a rainbow band. Each dark line marks a wavelength the atmosphere absorbed.Every element absorbs its own signature wavelengths — hydrogen always darkens the same two spots, calcium another pair, and so on. Astronomers match the lines in a real spectrum against a library of these signatures to say what an atmosphere is made of, light-years away, without ever visiting. A deeper line generally means more of that element is present.2MASS J0021-4514 b sits about 178 light-years away, found by the imaging method. Most catalogued distances trace back to parallax: as Earth orbits the Sun, a nearby star appears to shift very slightly against the distant background stars, and the size of that shift gives its distance directly.
Further reading
ExoplanetsSara Seager (editor)The field's standard reference: how planets are found, how they form, and what their atmospheres are made of.The Planet FactoryElizabeth TaskerHow planets are made, and why so few of them come out like Earth.The Little Book of ExoplanetsJoshua WinnHow these worlds are found, and what a measurement can honestly tell us.Exoplanets: Diamond Worlds, Super Earths, Pulsar PlanetsMichael Summers & James TrefilThe strange end of the catalogue — carbon worlds, molten rock, planets orbiting dead stars.
As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases — if you buy through these links, TerraForge may receive a small commission at no extra cost to you.
Habitability ScoreUninhabitable
0
Contributing Factors
temperature0
Inferno world - temperatures exceed all possibility of life
atmosphere30

Hydrogen and helium with iron and silicate cloud decks - hot enough to rain molten metal

Hydrogen-rich atmosphere typical of gas giants
water15
No solid surface — any water is locked in a supercritical mantle and hot ice, not oceans
magnetic Field20
A strong field, but no surface beneath it — there is nothing here for it to shelter
geology30
Geologically dead - no nutrient recycling
Organic Chemistry80
Core organic elements (CHNO) present
rotation100
Optimal rotation period - balanced day/night cycle, moderate weather, and good heat distribution

Physical Properties

Mass
9530.00x Earth (5.69e+28 kg)
Radius
21.20x Earth (135,074 km)
This planet: 21.20× Earth radiusEarth: 1× (baseline)
Surface Gravity
21.20x Earth (208.0 m/s²)
Surface Temperature
2,198 K (1,925 °C / 3,497 °F)
Rotation Period
24.0 hours/day
This planet: 24 h/dayEarth: 24 h/day

Elemental Composition

A dark ringed planet hanging over the horizon of a rocky moon, its rings lit by a distant sun

New: Stand on Your Moons 🌒

A planet's surface view isn't the only ground any more. Press the surface button on a planet with moons and it asks where to stand: the planet itself, or any moon still in orbit, each tagged with what it became — ocean, ice, carbon, volcanic. Every moon gets its own ground and sky from its own physics: airless rock under a black sky, ice cracked by geysers over a hidden sea, sulfur plains shaking with eruptions, or orange haze you can't see the sun through. And hanging over the horizon, there's the planet you built.

Create your free account

Enter your email and we'll send a 6-digit code — no password needed.
We only keep your email and the username you choose. We never share or sell your email, and we don't send marketing — we use it only to email you a sign-in code. Read our privacy policy.

Send feedback

We're still building out the best experience we can — and we'd love your input. Tell us about features you enjoy, ideas you'd like to see, or pain points where something feels off, and we'll know where to look next.

Type
Idea
Bug
Pain point
Other