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Entering orbit…
Habitability
0/ 100
Uninhabitable
TOI-1685 b rendered in TerraForge from its measured mass, orbit and star

TOI-1685 b

Also written TOI-1685b, TOI 1685b, TOI 1685 b

Lava World123 light years awayFound 2021
Mass
3.07 × Earth
Radius
1.42 × Earth
Gravity
1.52 g
Surface (est.)
1,109 K
Year
16.1 hrs
From Earth
123 ly
Mass
3.07 × Earth
Radius
1.42 × Earth
Gravity
1.52 g
Surface (est.)
1,109 K
Year
16.1 hrs
From Earth
123 ly

TOI-1685 system

Type
M-type (Red Dwarf)
Spectral type
M3 V
Temperature
3,470 K
Radius
0.462 ☉
Mass
0.466 ☉
Planets
1
Luminosity
0.0303 ☉

Published by the NASA Exoplanet Archive. This world’s temperature and habitability score are computed from this star’s measured luminosity, not from a stand-in for its class.

TOI-1685 b0.012 AUYou are here3.1 M⊕
Habitable zone

Star and planets drawn to scale: the star is 36 times as wide as TOI-1685 b, so only its edge is in view. Orbits spaced as in the star system view.

TOI-1685 b, from the NASA Exoplanet Archive (found 2021). Measured: 3.07 Earth masses, 0.0116 AU, a 3470 K M-type star. Composition inferred from a measured bulk density of 1.07x Earth's at this size, suggesting roughly 8% water/ice by mass, with a day locked to its 0.7-day year, as anything orbiting this close would be.

Surface. Molten surface with lava flows, volcanic activity everywhere

Lava World
Life unlikely — too hot for liquid waterMagnetic FieldExtreme Activity
TOI-1685 b's proximity to its star (0.01 AU) results in extreme surface temperatures of 1109K.
Lava worlds orbit so close to their stars that rocky surfaces melt into oceans of molten rock. Recent planet formation can also create temporary lava worlds.
Classification Criteria:
✓ Temperature: 1109K (>1000K)

Reading TOI-1685 b’s atmosphere

Dominant elements: O, Si, Fe, N, H, CThis is what a telescope would measure while TOI-1685 b crosses in front of its star: starlight passes through the atmosphere and spreads into a rainbow band. Each dark line marks a wavelength the atmosphere absorbed.Every element absorbs its own signature wavelengths — hydrogen always darkens the same two spots, calcium another pair, and so on. Astronomers match the lines in a real spectrum against a library of these signatures to say what an atmosphere is made of, light-years away, without ever visiting. A deeper line generally means more of that element is present.TOI-1685 b sits about 123 light-years away, found by the transit method. Most catalogued distances trace back to parallax: as Earth orbits the Sun, a nearby star appears to shift very slightly against the distant background stars, and the size of that shift gives its distance directly.
Further reading
ExoplanetsSara Seager (editor)The field's standard reference: how planets are found, how they form, and what their atmospheres are made of.The Planet FactoryElizabeth TaskerHow planets are made, and why so few of them come out like Earth.Exoplanets: Diamond Worlds, Super Earths, Pulsar PlanetsMichael Summers & James TrefilThe strange end of the catalogue — carbon worlds, molten rock, planets orbiting dead stars.Imagined LifeJames Trefil & Michael SummersWhat could live on a world like this one: ice shells, supergravity, tidally locked twilight.
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Habitability ScoreUninhabitable
0
Contributing Factors
temperature0
Inferno world - temperatures exceed all possibility of life
atmosphere40

Vaporized rock and metals

Atmosphere present but composition not ideal for life
water14
Good water content - boiling away, little would be retained
magnetic Field100
Magnetic field provides radiation protection
geology40
Extreme volcanic activity may be hazardous
Organic Chemistry80
Core organic elements (CHNO) present
rotation100
Optimal rotation period - balanced day/night cycle, moderate weather, and good heat distribution

Physical Properties

Mass
3.07x Earth (1.83e+25 kg)
Radius
1.45x Earth (9,259 km)
This planet: 1.45× Earth radiusEarth: 1× (baseline)
Surface Gravity
1.45x Earth (14.3 m/s²)
Surface Temperature
1,109 K (836 °C / 1,537 °F)
Rotation Period
16.1 hours/day (faster than Earth)
This planet: 16 h/dayEarth: 24 h/day

Time Dilation

Clocks run 12.1 seconds per year slower than deep space — about 16 minutes over a lifetime

Elemental Composition

A dark ringed planet hanging over the horizon of a rocky moon, its rings lit by a distant sun

New: Stand on Your Moons 🌒

A planet's surface view isn't the only ground any more. Press the surface button on a planet with moons and it asks where to stand: the planet itself, or any moon still in orbit, each tagged with what it became — ocean, ice, carbon, volcanic. Every moon gets its own ground and sky from its own physics: airless rock under a black sky, ice cracked by geysers over a hidden sea, sulfur plains shaking with eruptions, or orange haze you can't see the sun through. And hanging over the horizon, there's the planet you built.

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