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Entering orbit…
Habitability
82/ 100
Highly Habitable
TOI-700 d rendered in TerraForge from its measured mass, orbit and star

TOI-700 d

Also written TOI-700d, TOI 700d, TOI 700 d

Earth Like101 light years awayFound 2020
Mass
1.58 × Earth
Radius
1.15 × Earth
Gravity
1.19 g
Surface (est.)
273 K
Year
37.4 days
From Earth
101 ly
Mass
1.58 × Earth
Radius
1.15 × Earth
Gravity
1.19 g
Surface (est.)
273 K
Year
37.4 days
From Earth
101 ly

TOI-700 system

Type
M-type (Red Dwarf)
Spectral type
M2.5 V
Temperature
3,459 K
Radius
0.41 ☉
Mass
0.417 ☉
Planets
4
Luminosity
0.0233 ☉

Published by the NASA Exoplanet Archive. This world’s temperature and habitability score are computed from this star’s measured luminosity, not from a stand-in for its class.

TOI-700 b0.068 AU0.8 M⊕
TOI-700 c0.093 AU7.0 M⊕
TOI-700 e0.13 AU0.7 M⊕
TOI-700 d0.16 AUYou are here1.6 M⊕
Habitable zone

Star and planets drawn to scale: the star is 39 times as wide as TOI-700 d, so only its edge is in view. Orbits spaced as in the star system view.

The first roughly Earth-size planet that NASA's TESS satellite found in a star's habitable zone was TOI-700 d, announced in 2020 by a team led by Emily Gilbert. TESS spots planets by the small dip in starlight as they cross the face of their star. TOI-700 d is about 1.15 times Earth's width. It circles a red dwarf about 101 light-years away once every 37 days.

Surface. Rocky surface with continents, oceans, and active plate tectonics. Diverse biomes if life present.

✓ Conditions could support life. This planet’s modelled conditions could support biological processes: stable temperatures, liquid water and the chemistry life as we know it needs. That makes life possible, not present.

Earth Like
Life possibleMagnetic FieldModerate Activity
TOI-700 d has a balanced composition with all CHNOPS elements, proper mass (1.6x Earth), and sits in the habitable zone at 0.16 AU.
Earth-like planets have the perfect combination of composition, temperature, mass, and magnetic field to potentially support complex life as we know it.
Classification Criteria:
✓ All CHNOPS elements present (C, H, N, O, P, S)✓ Mass: 1.6x Earth (0.5-2.0x range)✓ Temperature: 273K (250-320K range)✓ Magnetic field present✓ Distance: 0.16 AU (habitable zone)

Reading TOI-700 d’s atmosphere

Dominant elements: O, Si, Fe, N, H, CThis is what a telescope would measure while TOI-700 d crosses in front of its star: starlight passes through the atmosphere and spreads into a rainbow band. Each dark line marks a wavelength the atmosphere absorbed.Every element absorbs its own signature wavelengths — hydrogen always darkens the same two spots, calcium another pair, and so on. Astronomers match the lines in a real spectrum against a library of these signatures to say what an atmosphere is made of, light-years away, without ever visiting. A deeper line generally means more of that element is present.TOI-700 d sits about 101 light-years away, found by the transit method. Most catalogued distances trace back to parallax: as Earth orbits the Sun, a nearby star appears to shift very slightly against the distant background stars, and the size of that shift gives its distance directly.
Further reading
ExoplanetsSara Seager (editor)The field's standard reference: how planets are found, how they form, and what their atmospheres are made of.The Planet FactoryElizabeth TaskerHow planets are made, and why so few of them come out like Earth.The Little Book of ExoplanetsJoshua WinnHow these worlds are found, and what a measurement can honestly tell us.Envisioning ExoplanetsMichael CarrollWhat these worlds might look like from the ground, painted from the same measurements this page renders.
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Habitability ScoreHighly Habitable
82
Contributing Factors
temperature100
Optimal temperature range for liquid water and life
atmosphere100

Nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere with trace CO₂, water vapor, and argon

Nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere - breathable and protective
water50
Limited water content
magnetic Field100
Magnetic field provides radiation protection
geology90
Active geology recycles nutrients and drives carbon cycle
Organic Chemistry80
Core organic elements (CHNO) present
rotation100
Optimal rotation period - balanced day/night cycle, moderate weather, and good heat distribution

Physical Properties

Mass
1.58x Earth (9.44e+24 kg)
Radius
1.16x Earth (7,420 km)
This planet: 1.16× Earth radiusEarth: 1× (baseline)
Surface Gravity
1.16x Earth (11.4 m/s²)
Surface Temperature
273 K (0 °C / 33 °F)
Rotation Period
24.0 hours/day
This planet: 24 h/dayEarth: 24 h/day

Elemental Composition

How TerraForge built this world

TOI-700 d, from the NASA Exoplanet Archive (found 2020). Measured: 1.58 Earth masses, 0.164 AU, a 3459 K M-type star. Composition inferred from a measured bulk density of 1.04x Earth's, which is rock and iron, with an assumed 24-hour day — rotation cannot be measured for exoplanets.

A dark ringed planet hanging over the horizon of a rocky moon, its rings lit by a distant sun

New: Stand on Your Moons 🌒

A planet's surface view isn't the only ground any more. Press the surface button on a planet with moons and it asks where to stand: the planet itself, or any moon still in orbit, each tagged with what it became — ocean, ice, carbon, volcanic. Every moon gets its own ground and sky from its own physics: airless rock under a black sky, ice cracked by geysers over a hidden sea, sulfur plains shaking with eruptions, or orange haze you can't see the sun through. And hanging over the horizon, there's the planet you built.

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